The Acquisition of Morality Essay - 1033 Words

Would you describe a dog as capable of being evil? Or a cat? Or a chimpanzee? Most likely you could not. We humans belong to the taxonomic kingdom of Animalia and are therefore animals. Our species has evolved from animals that looked and acted more like the modern chimpanzee than we do. So at what point did we go from being creatures of instinct do developing the concept of morality? A great deal of literature has been written about morality, examples of which can be located in fiction and non-fiction as well as in scientific, theological and philosophical fields. Specific examples include the bible, as well as the writings of Plato (c. 424-348 BCE), Niccolà ² Machiavelli (1469-1527) and John Steinbeck (1902-1968). Morality is a trait that†¦show more content†¦Although the case for neutral human morality is pretty straightforward there are two other views on the topic. The case that humans are innately good and the case that we are innately evil and must be taught better b y religious or spiritual influences. This sentiment that people are sinful and need to be â€Å"saved† is common view shared by Christianity and other major religions. There are several parts of the bible that can be used to look at this assertion, in particular we will turn to the writings of St. Matthew. The Sermon on the Mount section from the gospel of St. Matthew is a speech given by Jesus to his disciples. The speech contains many famous beatitudes such as â€Å"Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth† (St. Matthew 694). But it also contains Jesus speaking about how he has come not to destroy the law; but to fulfill it. In this section he makes claims such as: â€Å"Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment† (St. Matthew 695). There is nothing wrong here, we should definitely have laws that teach people not to kill. But he goes on the say â€Å"But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment† (695). Normal people don’t just hate someone for noShow MoreRelatedOn The Acquisition And Nature Of Morality1662 Words   |  7 Pages On the acquisition and nature of morality: What we must consider as we move forward in contemplating how to best instill morals Michael Cravey mc44996 6008619005919804 Freshman first semester The University of Texas at Austin In an article titled Conceptual and Informational Features in Moral Decision Making, Cecilia Wainryb and Elliot Turiel discuss how we are presented with the problem of how best to educate morally with the answer potentially lying in teaching methods that take moralityRead MoreThe Better Morality: Kant and Aristotle on Happiness1538 Words   |  7 Pagesargues that happiness and morality are nearly synonymous (in the respect that virtue necessarily leads to happiness), Kant claims that not only does happiness have no place in the realm of morality, but that a moral action usually must contradict the actor’s own inclination toward happiness. Because Kant and Aristotle hold practically equal definitions of happiness, the difference must arise from the respective relationships between happiness and each author’s framework of morality. Because Kant offersRead MoreIntellectual Merit Of Studying Moral Cognition Essay977 Words   |  4 PagesIntellectual Merit of Studying Mor al Cognition Morality is a collection of cognitive devices that interferes with our selfish nature, enabling human cooperation [1.2.3.4.5]. Furthering understanding of the cognitive processes that are employed while making moral judgments informs us as to how morality works and provides important information about how the brain interacts with itself. As we come to better understand these processes, we will become better equipped to enhance them. Broader ImpactsRead MoreEmpiricism Vs. Positivist Theory Of Knowledge1053 Words   |  5 Pages Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that evaluates the acquisition, limitations, and origins of human knowledge. One of the theories found in epistemology is the theory of empiricism. Empiricism is the belief that knowledge is gained through experience, that there is no such thing as â€Å"innate knowledge,† or knowledge that one is born with. Empiricism stands in stark contrast to the rationalist theory, the belief that humans possess innate knowledge, and that one can have knowledge, without sensoryRead MoreThe Moral Limits of Market by Michael Sandel1063 Words   |  5 PagesMarket by Michael Sandel argues the relationship between markets and our morality. His central concern is the influence of money on the sphere of life traditionally governed by nonmarket norms such as rights as a citizen, care for others, and civic duties. He demonstrated that market is responsible for destroying our sense of morality by placing monetary value to it. This paper will argue the relationship between market and morality through demonstrating the type of goods corrupted by money, the flawsRead More The Argument Against Nozicks Distributive Justice Essay example873 Words   |  4 PagesArgument Against Nozick’s Distributive Justice Robert Nozick argues in his Entitlement Theory that there are three main topics in the justice of holdings: the acquisition of ‘un-held things’, the transfer of holdings, and the rectification of injustice in holdings.1 Nozick’s theory of what makes a transfer of holdings ‘just’ should be rejected for two key reasons and the rectification of injustice of holdings should be rejected for two key reasons. Robert Nozick declares a transfer of holdingsRead MoreThe Importance Of Moral Decision Making Abilities1061 Words   |  5 PagesIntellectual Merit Morality is a collection of cognitive devices that interferes with our selfish nature, enabling human cooperation [1.2.3.4.5]. Furthering understanding of the cognitive processes that are employed while making moral judgments informs us as to how morality works and provides important information about how the brain interacts with itself. As we come to better understand these processes, we will become better equipped to enhance them. Broader Impacts The purpose of researchRead MoreThe Hypocrisy Of The Upper Class By Edith Wharton1179 Words   |  5 PagesEdith Wharton’s novel, House of Mirth, develops a critical view of the immorality of the upper class through Lily Bart and her failure to fully attain social mobility. Wharton comments on the corruption of the upper class, and implies that the acquisition of wealth and social status comes at the cost of a compromised moral sense. While some wealthy individuals may not necessarily be corrupt, it is clear that the upper class as a whole is primarily concerned with self-preservation and personal gainRead MoreBusiness Ethics-Written Assignment for Module 2 Essay1536 Words   |  7 Pagespeople came to have what they have, not the pattern or results of the distribution of goods.† (Shaw and Barry, pg.115) His entitlement theory comprises of three main principles which were: 1. A principle of justice in acquisition - This principle deals with the initial acquisition of holdings. It is an account of how people first come to own common property, what types of things can be held, and so forth. 2. A principle of justice in transfer - This principle explains how one person can acquireRead MoreA Critical Evaluation of Worldcoms Ethical Problems Using the Deontological Framework1576 Words   |  6 PagesKants Categorical Imperative. I. WorldCom Ethical Problems Raised It is reported that the case study of Moberg and Romar (2003) notes WorldComs encounter with creative accounting to hide the true cost emerging in future quarters after an acquisition. (Jackson, nd) Failure to spend more time and energy in resolving problems existing between services, technology and business practices with the new organization resulted in WorldCom having to find another way to fix the stakeholders falling

Causes and Effects of Slavery in the U.S. Essay - 1117 Words

Slavery has been described as a social institution defined by law and custom as the most absolute involuntary form of human servitude. . The three main characteristics of slavery are that the people are regarded as property, they are forced to serve (often through violence), and they are subject to the owners will. The most famous example of this kind of slavery is found in America, during the 16th, 17th and 18th century. During this time, Americas southern states were dominated by slavery, and the vast majority of plantations were essentially run by black slaves, imported from Africa. The slave trade was founded in 1444, by the Portuguese who, sensing the need for more slaves, ventured to use Africans. They realised that the†¦show more content†¦Instead, they were classed as fugitives. In this way, slaves were left with no way to become free. Their only option was to work on the plantations for life. By this stage, slave owners had begun to realise that the only way to control slaves was by using violence and threats. A new culture had been introduced: one of black inferiority and white superiority. Many white plantation owners used extreme violence to make their slaves work, as they had no other means with which to control them. They could not reward the slaves by decreasing their length of servitude; the slaves were used for life, and their monetary value was too great for the plantation owners to reprieve them. However, sometimes the violence became so extreme that the slaves died, which decreased the plantations profit. This use of violence extended to rape of black women and children, mutilation and branding. Rape of slaves produced an inter-race community, although this was violently unstable due to the racial and social discrimination present at that time. The plantation masters branded their slaves so that if they escaped, they would have a mark to show they were fugitive slaves. Families were often split up, to weaken the individuals spirit, and thus their confidence and urge to rebel decreased. The slave owners greatest fear was of the slaves rebelling, so this method of weakening their reserves of energy and will was found to be effective. The plantationShow MoreRelatedThe Causes And Effects Of The Civil War1564 Words   |  7 PagesThe causes and effects of the Civil War will be defined through the institution of slavery, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the military leadership of President Lincoln to resolve the uncompromising political position of the South/Confederacy. Lincoln’s â€Å"House Divided† speech will be an important primary source that defines the underlying resistance to the expansion of the slave states into new territories taken by the U.S. government in the 1850s. More so, the uncompromising and an increasingly militaristicRead MoreTime Line 21050 Words   |  5 Pageslisted. Be sure to cite all sources. Major Event/Epoch in American History | Time Period/Date(s) | Description and Significance of the People/Event(s) to American History | 1) The evolution of the institution of slavery from the Colonial Period to the 1860s. | 1860-1865 | Slavery was necessary to southern colonists after the introduction of the cotton gin. The cotton gin was a way to make cotton worth a lot but the machine required a lot of manual labor which brought along the plantation systemRead MoreThe Civil War Was Fought Over African American Freedom1331 Words   |  6 PagesFor many years people have questioned what was the cause of the civil war. Till this day there has not been a straightforward answer, but many people still have different views and beliefs on what caused it. Many people believe that political issues or even taxation was the cause of the civil war. However, it was really over slavery. This essay will go over the civil war and explain why slavery caused the southerners and northerners to fight in the civil war. To what extent was the Civil War foughtRead MoreEssay on The Role Kansas and Nebraska Played in the Civil War1436 Words   |  6 Pagesspot behind a large rock, Margaret and her little sister watched in desperation as their small shack was ransacked by John Brown and his raiders. As the sky grew black with smoke, angry tears began streaming down Margaret’s face. Why can’t the anti-slavery settlers just leave us alone? Why are they being so violent? What have we done to them? All we want is land to settle on! Margaret wondered in disheartenment. 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These statistics show that slavery is still alive and flourishing throughoutRead MoreThe Compromise Of 1850 : A Series Of Events1057 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Æ' Keith Harvey Dr. Buitron HIST 1301-040 12 September 2014 The Compromise of 1850 How it started, and what was the result The compromise of 1850 was a series of events (bills) that were passed in order to address the issues related to slavery. The information provided by the US history website along with other credible sources, provided me with visual images, videos, and primarily text which allowed me to grasp, and better understand the concept of the Compromise. The websites that I used, gaveRead MoreAmerican History : The Mexican American War Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesSince the formation of the United States, war has been a constant factor within the political sphere. From these wars the U.S obtained power, land, and status unseen and unparalleled by any civilization in humankind. One of the earliest wars that allowed the United States to grow into the global power it is today was the Mexican-American war. This war not only shaped American politics for decades, but also fueled the sectional crisis that culminated into the infamous Civil War. Being the new country’sRead MoreThe American Civil War1296 Words   |  6 Pages The American Civil War, also known as the State’s War, was a conflict that arose mostly from the issue of slavery, but deep down was due to economic differences between the North and the South. The South seceded from the North and created their own self-government due to their belief in the lack of state’s rights versus the federal government and what they saw as a weakness in the Articles of Confederation. While the Confederacy of the United States depended on slave labor for their economy in regards

Building an Organization II Free Essays

string(31) " fear of being violated again\." In building an organization, there are a lot of things to consider. Many questions to answer, many materials to organize and it is important to have the enough capacity (could be financial) and manpower to realize the organization’s goal. In this particular organization, the focus is directed towards giving service and care to abused women and children, at no cost. We will write a custom essay sample on Building an Organization II or any similar topic only for you Order Now Building an ethical organization is a challenge made easy when, as a person, seeing the hapless situation of these poor victims of violence, we aim to give an end to their suffering and help them. We feel that it is our moral obligation, given the circumstances, to extend our hand and offer as much as we can, change their lives as far as we could, and hopefully inspire them to live their lives as a whole person again. II. Description of the Organization As mentioned in the first draft of the organization’s profile. SHIELD Us, as it stands for the following goals: S – Safety of the victim is the topmost priority. The Organization deals with abused women and children and this issue is very delicate and dangerous at times, for both the victim and organization. Excessively beaten abused women and children needs emergency care at the soonest possible time and saving them is the topmost priority of SHIELD Us. Moreover, enraged abusers may hunt their escaped victims and by so doing endangering them once again. In addition to this, victims would be placed under safe keeping by hiding them in a safe house inaccessible by the abusers. Also, to provide close monitoring as to the physical and mental health of the victim, for at times they think of ending their suffering. H – Helping with open arms and without asking anything in return. The Organization was founded on the basis of moral obligation, and by so doing should emphasize that the Organization’s goal is not to gain profit, monetary or otherwise, but instead, to extend open arms to those who are unfortunately abused by their perpetrators, without asking for anything in return, be it monetary or services or otherwise. The Organization is built on the premise of providing free service, and unselective of people who can gain access of the Organization’s services. I – Imparting time and love for the care of the disadvantaged women and children. In times of crisis, these unlucky victims of violence went through a very grave ordeal. The least that the Organization can do is to offer them undivided attention and provide them with the loving and caring, as one person must give willingly, to another person, untarnished with any romantic intention, but rather of a pure love and care that they so deserve and need. E – Enhancing knowledge about the reasons why they underwent such endeavors. One of the Organization’s priorities is public awareness and education as to the causes and roots of abuse. A particular victim might blame themselves or think that it’s their fault, or that they deserve what happened to them, the Organization aims to remove that thought and would enlighten them about their ordeal. L – Love and trust, helping them live their lives again. As part of the rehabilitation program of the Organization, SHIELD Us aims to make available any resources, physically, emotionally, and mentally, to help the victims able to stand on their own again, and venture out into the world once more, fully equipped and armored for another try in life. D – Dedicated to the cause of stopping violence against women and children. As the Vision of the Organization, SHIELD Us’ ultimate goal is to eradicate violence against women and children, all over the world. It is the mantra of every personnel within the Organization to put a stop to whatever violence they would witness or came to know of. The Organization would utilize any means possible, legally, to end this extreme violation of women and children’s right to live, as normal individuals in our community. Un-battered and untouched, never going out with big shaded eyeglasses, and thick make-up, to hide their bruises and cuts; never be afraid of coming home; never be afraid to commit mistakes; never be wondering why they get abused – all these things and more – would be the Organization’s end goal. SHIELD Us, is an organization functioning on its own, independent of the government and solely dedicated to providing service with no cost, and do not intend to raise any profits whatsoever for personal usage of the Board of Directors and the employees, and everybody within the organization. Therefore, SHIELD Us is a Non-Government, Non-Profit Organization providing free shelter, medical care and rehabilitation for abused women and children who are in need of help. Thus saying, the clientele mainly of this organization would be abused women and children who are in need of helping. III. Mission Statement: Mission: Providing a safe environment for abused women and children, where they can receive proper medical attention; appropriate psychological treatment and rehabilitation; and proper counseling about the legal workings of their cases, without judgment and maintaining their anonymity. The mission mainly addresses the means on how to achieve the ultimate goal of the Organization in eradicating violence against women and children, all over the world. As mentioned in the acronym SHIELD Us, safety for these individuals would be given through placing them in a safe environment far from their abusers. This can be achieved through acquiring a lot in a concealed area where it can not be easily located and erecting mini-clinics for provision of first aids and for emergency situations. For psychological treatment, since the Organization is non-profitable, it would find it easier to invite psychiatrists to provide free consults and join in the Organization’s cause. As for rehabilitation, milieu therapy would be quite appropriate for these individuals, thereby providing them safe and secured environment where they can release their emotions and not feel threatened and live in fear of being violated again. You read "Building an Organization II" in category "Papers" As for the legalities, for example, lawsuits filed by the abused individual, the Organization would support the lawsuit and the individual one hundred and one percent. If any case that the individual can not afford to sustain her complaints, the Organization would find a way of continuing the battle through solicitations, asking for donations, and inviting lawyers to join in the cause and provide pro bono services. The Organization’s values statement clearly encompasses no passing of judgment and working with the individual without bias and strictly prohibits divulging of information outside of the Organization, or even within the Organization among personnel who doesn’t have sufficient authority to gain knowledge about a particular situation or individuals. The following objectives and strategies are self-explanatory and need no further expansion. Objectives: 1. To provide a safe shelter where abused women and children can stay for free. 2. To give free medical care to abused women and children. 3. To provide free proper psychological treatment to help them cope with their emotional traumas. 4. To provide a favorable environment for rehabilitation for abused women and children for free. 5. To offer legal counseling about their situation for free. 6. To help women and children go to the proper authorities to report their ordeals. 7. To cooperate with the proper authorities and put perpetrators in jail. 8. To conduct educational seminars on the preliminary signs of abuse, and what to do about it. 9. To provide education to women and children to further enlighten them about the origin of abuse. 10. To have a self-defense class available for women and children for them to protect themselves. 11. To go on missions to rescue women and children who had been held captive or was placed in a very horrible situation. 12. To participate in programs held by other organizations with goals of furthering the cause of helping abused women and children. 13. To maintain an accepting and non-judgmental atmosphere where women and children can feel peace and security. 14. To perform all these objectives without bias and with sincerity. Strategies: 1. Acquiring a spacious lot in a concealed area where it can not be easily located. 2. Erecting a small clinic and two low-rise dormitories inside this lot. 3. Asking for volunteer health workers to constantly man the clinic 24/7 through shifting schedules. 4. Inviting volunteer psychologist and psychiatrist to join the organization. 5. Ensuing donations from private organizations and individuals to help fund the organization. 6. Enlisting for grants for various charitable organizations. 7. Welcoming legal counsels to impart their expertise for the organization for free. 8. Collaborating with other organizations with the same objectives. 9. Coordinating with the proper institute when reporting incidences of abuse. 10. Distributing leaflets, brochure, and fliers to inform people of the organization’s existence. 11. Enlisting the help of a self-defense instructor to hold free self-defense classes for women and children who wants to learn how to protect their selves. 12. Conducting seminars, approximately once a month about the early signs of abuse, and the different types of abuse. 13. Carrying out out-reach programs to help those women and children who can not afford to get out of their rural settlements, at least once a month. 14. Involving the community and making people aware about the reality of abuse. 15. Coordinating with the proper authorities when carrying out rescue missions. IV. Values Statement Values: 1. The organization would not involve itself in any malicious transactions that would put the women and children in its care in danger. a. In every organization, we can not prevent any illegal transactions that might put the charges or the organization in danger, intentionally or unintentionally. To prevent this, any transactions, business or personal (that directly affects the Organization) should undergo a thorough evaluation by a designated committee. 2. The employees and volunteers should always be discreet in dealing with their charges. a. We value anonymity of the charges and we encourage each and every one to be always aware of this, and NEVER divulge any information about the charges, inside or outside of the organization. This may endanger the lives of the charges, as well as the Organization. 3. Information about the women and children who sought help would always remain confidential, unless divulge by the victims themselves. a. In reference to Value No. 2, this is in connection to anonymity. 4. The organization does not allow its employees or volunteers to be romantically linked with anyone of their charges. a. Getting too attached with a charge is not encourages, even more so having a romantic relationship with them. This may lead to conflict of interest and surging or emotions at the wrong places at the wrong time. This may also lead to decisions based on feelings, not through reason. 5. The organization would not accept any donations or contributions that would demand the organization to act against its values. a. In reference to Value No. 1, any transactions (even if its donations) that demands the organization to act against its values and its members to go against the Code of Ethics should be immediately rejected. 6. The organization would not employ judgment towards its charges, or anyone in particular. a. Judging other people, especially the charges and commenting on their situation might aggravate their feelings more or vice versa. The personnel are encouraged to maintain a neutral point of view and avoid giving unsolicited remarks. 7. The organization would remain devoted to its vision and mission statements. a. Vision and Mission statements are created for a purpose, to give the Organization a definite direction with regards to operation, goal, management and service. Every action of every member of the Organization should always put the core statements in their minds. 8. The organization would continue to provide care without asking for any monetary compensation. a. The Organization proudly offers free services to abused women and children. Every member should always maintain this service, and not ask for any monetary or anything in payment for the services provided. 9. The organization would uphold professionalism and decency when dealing with people inside and outside of the organization. a. Professionalism and decency of an Organization’s personnel, reflects the core values of the Organization. Therefore, if the members of the Organization demonstrate good attitude, then they are giving out good word about the Organization. V. Code of Ethics. List your organization’s code of ethics, with a minimum of ten items. How does the code inspire a tangible outcome from the employees? How is it related to the mission and values of the organization? 1. Integrity a. The Integrity of every individual is important, for his or her own self-preservation, and the Organization’s benefit as well. A person with Integrity would make sure to follow the core values of the Organization, and would not engage in any malicious transactions that would cause the collapse of the Organization. An Organization with Integrity would gain more trust from the public and would gain more sponsors and donations for its cause. 2. Loyalty to the Mission and Vision of the Organization a. Adhering to the core statement of the Organization would give the members a definite direction and purpose for all their actions. 3. Right people at the right position a. In every Organization, placing the right people at the right positions is very integral for the Organization’s success. Choices should be made accordingly to a pre-set criterion that would be presented by a committee. 4. Law –abiding a. It is always important for every Organization to get the support of the Law. Therefore, the Organization should ALWAYS keep into mind the laws that govern the location, the practices, and the methods that are to be used and exercised. The Organization should not be involved in any lawsuit or whatsoever questioning its standards and services. 5. Prudence a. In making decisions, it is always advisable to exercise Prudence. Caution saves a lot of trouble. 6. Honesty a. Honesty is always the best policy. The Organization encourages its members to be always honest with their intention, feelings, or apprehensions that would be properly addressed by a committee. 7. Efficiency and Effect a. In every service that the Organization offers, time management that shows efficiency and effectively addressing the issue is of utmost importance. Sometimes, in this life-saving business, being efficient could save more and more lives. 8. Dedicated a. The Organization fosters dedication to their job. Dedicated personnel would do anything in his or her power to achieve whatever is needed for a certain situation. Having a pool of dedicated people always makes an Organization climb to success. 9. Respect a. Respect begets respect. 10. Legitimacy a. The legitimacy of the transactions should always be thoroughly reviewed by a committee to avoid problems with the law. The legitimacy of the Organization should also be prioritized, as every public individual or organization that are willing to donate for the SHIELD Us cause, deserves the truth and no horseplay from the organization. 11. Anonymity a. Maintaining the anonymity of its charges is a prime concern for the Organization. VI. Organizational Culture: What type of culture do you plan to foster and how? How will the culture institutionalize the organization’s values? An accepting, unbiased and utilitarian culture would be most apt for the Organization to develop. Since the Organization deals with very fragile and very personal issues, an accepting non-judgmental culture and point of view of personnel working within the Organization, would be better to foster trust, and improvement of the charges’ condition. The Organization’s values state that each personnel should always be careful of the feelings of each member of the Organization, especially the charges’ feelings. The Organization aims to develop a conducive environment for the victims to pick their selves up from despair, and a warm, friendly, non-judgmental and safe environment is the best way to achieve it. To be able to foster this culture, there should be a committee assigned to relate specific rules and regulations, and the personnel should undergo orientation and training, for them to be better equipped in dealing with one another, and their charges. VII. Leadership: What approach to leadership will you take? How will you develop and maintain organizational culture as a leader? What is your moral responsibility as a leader? A democratic leader, dedicated and who firmly believes in the cause of the Organization, would be the better approach. A democratic style of leadership would better foster trust and camaraderie among the higher positions and the lower positions. A democratic leader, who is open to suggestions, to criticisms and to change, a leader who is willing to listen to his or her subordinates and to his or her charges (the victims) on ways in which to improve the Organization. This type of leader would easily know the concerns surrounding the Organization, since he or she would convene his or her members frequently and create a platform of open discussion of any apprehensions. However, a democratic leader should also decide by himself if the suggestions are appropriate and for the betterment of the service the Organization provides. Disregarding his pride and previous decisions, a democratic leader should abide by the values of the Organization, and submit himself to the Code of Ethics. A leader should be the model of everything good within the organization. He or she must encompass in himself the core values and practice it professionally and personally. VIII. Oversight: How will you measure your organization’s performance in maintaining an ethical standard? What structures or systems will you put in place for oversight? The Organization would be better equipped in the realization of its core statement and values by placing committees designated to follow through each function of every department. This would help measure the organization’s performance in maintaining an ethical standard. These committees would create criteria that would place firm rules and regulations in place. These rules and regulations should be followed by all members of the Organization, regardless of their positions. It should apply to everyone and not only to the select few. Also, these committees should take it upon themselves not to be influenced by power, by position or by self biases. IX. Conclusion In building an organization, ethical principles and values are the most important. Since it deals with people’s attitude and this dictates the working environment. Inculcating values in each and every one of the members of the Organization is not that easy, and admittedly, this takes a lot of time and effort. There may be cases that one member may not conform with the Organization’s policies and standards – this should be handled discreetly by committees designated for such function. A non-government, non-profit organization gets funding from donations and solicitations to people and to big companies; raises money through fund raisings and participates for grants and charitable awards – to be able to qualify for these things, the Organization needs to be a trustworthy organization solely devoted to their cause and has strict adherence to their code of conduct. For an organization to raise funds and sustain the organization, it must maintain a CLEAN REPUTATION, and must show improvement and eagerness to help accordingly. Therefore, observing zealously the values statement, the core statement and the code of ethics of the Organization is very significant to achieve its vision in the near future. References Independent Sector 5. Statement of Values and Code of Ethics for Nonprofit and Philanthropic Organizations. February 3, 2004. www. independentsector. org. Please add your textbook here†¦ do not use websites like what you did with your first paper, I saw it in your fax =) How to cite Building an Organization II, Papers

Mount Fuji Essay Example For Students

Mount Fuji Essay Currently there are 14 World Heritage sites located in Japan. Of course, 11 are cultural properties and 3 are national properties. If you were a representative of Japan, what would you nominate as the next World Heritage site and why? Mount Fuji or, â€Å"Fuji-san† is Japan’s highest summit- rising to 3,776 metres above sea level. Though it has already been denied the title of becoming a World Heritage site once before, there is still strong support from the Japanese population that it should be considered as such. Besides being able to meet several of the criteria for selection, the way in which Fuji continues to attract national and international attention is paramount to its suitability in becoming a World Heritage site. Fuji’s impact on Japan’s artistic heritage has been profound, inspiring countless poets and artists, even around the world. The oldest work depicting the mountain dates as far back as the 11th century and it is clear how Mt Fuji is rooted to its country and to its people. Fuji appears quite often in a range of different artworks due to its rather large reputation as being widely admired and sometimes revered as being an embodiment of beauty itself. An example of acclaimed art featuring Fuji is Kanagawa-oki Nami-ura (â€Å"Fuji Behind the Waves Off Kanagawa†) by Katsushika Hokusai and it is the best known of Hokusai’s already renowned â€Å"Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji† ukiyo-e prints. The way that Fuji is continually being made subject for painters and photographers alike make it apparent that it still holds its place as one of the most picturesque and striking views that can be experienced in Japan. As well as being a well recognised representation of Japanese culture, Fuji-san is not only considered as an amazing natural landscape but also as a spiritual site. It has, countless times, been referred to as a â€Å"sacred mountain†. To followers of the Shinto religion (one of the most highly dominant religions in Japan), Mt. Fuji is the embodiment of the very spirit of nature and it is also the site of the shrine for Sengen-sama who is a Shinto goddess. It was beliefs such as these which led more and more people to climb it in medieval times and today, over 300 000 people make their way up the mountain every year, braving the (approx. ) 8 hour trek. But due to many careless hikers, trash is often strewn all over the mountain, putting a scar on Fuji’s often majestic appearance. Around one third of those who climb Mount Fuji are foreign tourists looking to share a once in a lifetime experience with the enthusiastic Japanese nationals. The mountain is home to any Shinto shrines, Buddhist temples and torii gates marking the entrance to sacred Shinto areas close to the summit holding Sengen-sama’s shrine. Mt Fuji is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Japan and its significance has not dwindled over the years. Fuji is an active stratovolcano that last erupted long ago in 1707 and is not expected to erupt any time soon. Geologists assume that it was created 600 000 years ago. It is often considered â€Å"attracti ve† due its almost symmetrical disposition and its â€Å"perfect† conical shape and it is this fact that generally makes it pleasing to the eye. It is enclosed by lakes and dense forests that surround its base which makes it a habitat for numerous amounts of wildlife and makes it rich in vegetation. There are also farms based near the foot of Mt Fuji which once again makes it fairly important in producing goods for the general public to benefit from. Furthermore, within the cities surrounding Fuji, are shrines which are designated cultural properties which retain legacies of the Edo period (1600-1868) which preserve the architectural and technological advances of this period of time. .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b , .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .postImageUrl , .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b , .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b:hover , .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b:visited , .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b:active { border:0!important; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b:active , .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9c4c254b6f296db6e17f41500510e04b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cold war: bridging the gap to peace EssayTourist spots around this area are abundant and there are many sights to be seen and enjoyed by foreigners and Japanese natives alike. And on Fuji’s lower regions, there are many other prominent cultural properties, sites, landscapes, and natural monuments that cover a range of enriching values that it embodies, so its virtue as a significant cultural landscape is unwavering. The seventh on the list of criteria for selection to become a World Heritage site is, â€Å"to contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance†. Fuji already has already proved worthy of the words â€Å"exceptional natural beauty†, since it is unquestionable that it has been used countless times to symbolise beauty and it’s aesthetic importance is undeniable as it provides the backdrop to daily life in many of its surrounding cities and has exerted its influence over many disciplines of Japanese culture and by officially making Mount Fuji a Natural World Heritage site, it would benefit both the world at large and especially Japan itself as the attention and tourism gained would be beneficial for the economy and the pure fact that it would be a huge honour that would give Japan a chance to share a huge part of their lifestyle and to gain more recognition than they already have on a global scale. Some have even called it the â€Å"uncontested number one landmark of Japan†. The eighth n the list for selection is, â€Å"to be outstanding examples representing major stages of earths history, including the rec ord of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features†. It is indisputable that over the years, Fuji has been partly responsible for the altering of landscapes due to its track record of over sixteen eruptions, ranging from moderate to large in size. This mountain is surely a site that will be preserved and withstand the tests of time. Mount Fuji is a testament to many aspects of Japanese life, including the spiritual and social and its presence has provided some of the foundations to their lifestyle and beliefs, while also being Japan’s most key geological feature. To conclude, the reasons and evidence given above should be the main points considered when acknowledging the significance of Mount Fuji in relation to Japan. It has and will continue to hold power in the hearts of the Japanese and will always be an important part of their day to day existence. There is no doubt that its relevance to Japanese society is nothing short of astounding as its contributions to the spirituality and culture of the country is definitely apparent- and to make Fuji a World Heritage site, would be to extend these contributions further out into the world. It is rare to see a mountain with such deep connections to its people.

How To Win Friends Essays - How To Win Friends And Influence People

How To Win Friends Dale Carnegie's book How to Win Friends and Influence People gives methods of instruction and examples as to how to triumph in the social world. It includes chapters on how to handle people, how to make people like you, how to win people to your way of thinking, and how to be a leader. The book begins with a preface of suggestions on how to get the most of the book. These include reviewing it periodically and taking the suggestions with an open mind and sincerity. The first chapter exposes the reader to the technique of how to handle people successfully. It emphasizes that in order to understand people one must regard the situation from their point of view. Most people have reasons for deciding what they do. Those who commit crimes and rob stores do not view themselves as bad people. Gangsters such as Al Capone regarded themselves as unappreciated and unrecognized public benefactors, not as enemies of the state. People do not condemn themselves, so why should one condemn others? Lesson one explains to the reader that one should never criticize, complain, or condemn other people. Principle two suggests that you give people your sincere and honest appreciation. A person should not think of his accomplishments or successes, yet compliment others on theirs. The most important thing one can give another is his genuine appreciation. "I consider my ability to arouse enthusiasm among people the greatest asset I possess, and the way to develop the best that is in a person is by appreciation and encouragement." ?Charles Schwab You can threaten people by force or harsh words, but the only way to get others to do what you wish is to give them what they want. What do they want? Appreciation. Principle three in the fundamental techniques of handling people deals with how to arouse in the other person an eager want. It is easy to tell people your needs, but no one wants to hear them. People are only interested in their wants and needs. So, why not try to get what you want by inferring how it would benefit the other persons involved? A good example of this is fishing. When one goes fishing, he does not think about what he wants. He thinks about what the fish wants. One does not bait the hook with Twinkies and candy, he baits it with worms and asks, "Wouldn't you like to have that?" Again, look at the situation from the other's perspective. Part two of the book discusses ways to get people to like you. The first guideline is to become genuinely interested in people. People will like you if they feel you admire them. One must instill in them a sense of fondness. "Did you ever stop to think that a dog is the only animal that doesn't have to work for a living? A hen has to lay eggs, a cow has to give milk, and a canary has to sing. But a dog makes his living by giving you nothing but love." ?Dale Carnegie This is the reason the dog is man's best friend. Dogs do not criticize or complain and always greet you with animation and enthusiasm. Another point is that people are not interested in you. Do not speak of your accomplishments and your success. They are only interested in themselves. Get them to talk about themselves and their achievements. Compliment them on their accomplishments and show them how you feel by your genuine interest. "You can make more friends in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get other people interested in you." ?Dale Carnegie Ideal number two deals with the power of a smile. Actions speak louder than words and a smile says, "I like you. You make me happy. I am glad to see you." One of the most important elements in getting people to like you is recognition of their uniqueness. One can do this using a person's name. A person's name is to that person the sweetest and most important sound in any language. Remember a person's name, and you have paid a subtle and very effective compliment. The name sets the individual apart; it makes him or her unique among all others. Principle four requires one to have the ability to listen. Listening well to others indicates your interest. Remember that the people you talk to care only about themselves one-hundred percent of the time. Your problems are

The Chemical Reaction That Causes Rust

The Chemical Reaction That Causes Rust Rust is the common name for iron oxide. The most familiar form of rust is the reddish coating that forms flakes on iron and steel (Fe2O3), but rust also comes in other colors, including yellow, brown, orange, and even green! The different colors reflect various chemical compositions of rust. Rust specifically refers to oxides on iron or iron alloys, such as steel. Oxidation of other metals has other names. There is tarnish on silver and verdigris on copper, for example. The Chemical Reaction That Forms Rust Although rust is considered the result of an oxidation reaction, its worth noting not all iron oxides are rust. Rust forms when oxygen reacts with iron  but simply putting iron and oxygen together isnt sufficient. Although about 20 percent  of air consists of oxygen, rusting doesnt occur in dry air. It occurs in moist air and in water. Rust requires three chemicals to form: iron, oxygen, and water. iron water oxygen  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  hydrated iron(III) oxide This is an example of an electrochemical reaction and corrosion. Two distinct electrochemical reactions occur: There is anodic dissolution or oxidation of iron going into aqueous (water) solution: 2Fe  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  2Fe2  Ã‚  Ã‚  4e- Cathodic reduction of oxygen that is dissolved into water also occurs: O2  Ã‚   2H2O 4e-  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  4OH-  Ã‚   The iron ion and the hydroxide ion react to form iron hydroxide:   2Fe2   4OH-  Ã‚  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  2Fe(OH)2 The iron oxide reacts with oxygen to yield red rust, Fe2O3.H2O Because of the electrochemical nature of the reaction, dissolved electrolytes in water aid the reaction. Rust occurs more quickly in saltwater than in pure water, for example. Keep in mind oxygen gas, O2, is not the only source of oxygen in air or water. Carbon dioxide, CO2, also contains oxygen. Carbon dioxide and water react to form weak carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is a better electrolyte than pure water. As the acid attacks the iron, water breaks into hydrogen and oxygen. Free oxygen and dissolved iron form iron oxide, releasing electrons, which can flow to another part of the metal. Once rusting starts, it continues to corrode the metal. Preventing Rust Rust is brittle, fragile,  progressive, and weakens iron and steel. To protect iron and its alloys from rust, the surface needs to be separated from air and water. Coatings can be applied to iron. Stainless steel contains chromium, which forms an oxide, much like how iron forms rust. The difference is the chromium oxide does not flake away, so it forms a protective layer on the steel.

How to successfully replace an outter vehicle CV joint Coursework

How to successfully replace an outter vehicle CV joint - Coursework Example Remove the wheel by use of wrench. And using a spanner, remove the axle nut. This is a large nut on the outside of the hub. The removal of the lower control arm from the ball joint and the hub assembly will enable the removal of the bolt from the shock and upper control arm. The tapping will facilitate the slipping out of the CV joint through the back. The axle nut should be put back halfway during this process to avoid damaging of the threads. Put the CV axle in a vise by the shaft close to the inner CV or the U-Joint. Cut the boot clamps and make sure that your CV joint is not held by on by a clip that you can see on the shaft under the boot. If there is no clip, you will want to tap lightly on the outer CV joint and then give a few good hits to knock it off the shaft. The tools involved in this are 5 lb Sledge and hammer. Make sure you wear protective glasses since the grease may fly. If it does not come out, put the axle in a vise and try again. If this goes in vain, use the hammer and break the cage to remove the ball bearings. This will expose the race, and then press the race off the shaft using the punch hammer. Cut the race in the direction of the splines on the shaft so that it does not affect the new joint going into the splines (Gilles, 2004). Put on the new boot and slide it to the inner out of the way. Fill the CV joint with grease, and a little of it on the ‘C’ clip. Line the outer CV joint with the splines of the shaft and place the axle nut on the threads halfway to avoid damaging the threads. In conclusion, these processes should be observed keenly, to avoid damage to other parts of the vehicle especially during the removal of the wrecked CV joint. A step by step procedure with keen observation will lead to excellent replacement of the wrecked joint with a new

Labor relations-An Anti nepotism Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Labor relations-An Anti nepotism Policy - Essay Example Management is the most sensitive area in regard to nepotism. Budd (2010) argues that managers should strike a balance by not supervising their relatives, employing them in the same department or try to use their influence to employ them so as to have great output. Anti- nepotism policy favors unions in protecting their members. They ensure that all their members are given equal opportunity in job application. Finlay (2011) supports this part of the policy as a motivation tool. The policy also ensures fairness in work as it prohibits workers to be supervised by close relatives. Workers are also protected from loss of job if companies enforce anti- nepotism policies but were employed before they are implemented. Management is also favored by the anti- nepotism policies. The policy does not prohibit your relatives from working in the same company as long are not working in the same department and they were employed on merit. Managements are allowed to make independent policies as long as they are in good faith as argued by Rose (2008). Family businesses are exempted from these policies if members of the family volunteer services. Unions have a right to ask the adaptation of anti- nepotism policies by any organization their members are working. Lawrence (2005) argued, in order to reduce some of white collar crimes organization should not employ close relatives or supervise them. Managements are bound to follow anti- nepotism policies. They are obligated to create anti- nepotism rules that are favorable. In order to avoid conflict between unions and management, the management should include the union and legal experts when drafting their anti- nepotism policy. Budd (2004) proposed that the management should also clearly define the term relative in the policy to balance equality. Since anti- nepotism policies are different in each state, entrepreneurs should consider the implication of marriage as it is regarded as

The Effect of Ingestion of Beverages or Meal That Contains Research Paper

The Effect of Ingestion of Beverages or Meal That Contains Electrolytes Prior to Exercise - Research Paper Example Commercially available carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage and chicken noodle soup were used in the study. The purpose of the article is well defined and the study population includes both men and women as the participant’s hence eliminating gender bias and the response of both men and women towards intake of electrolytes prior to exercise would be determined. The introduction explains the importance of pre-exercise hydration status and states that this aspect is mostly neglected in the guidelines set by the American College of Sports Medicine. The authors believe that body fluid balance will greatly aid in the performance and endurance levels. It further states that research carried out using consumption of water alone has not yielded any beneficial result and it only increased urine output during exercise. The authors of the present study have ascertained, after conducting laboratory investigation, that intake of high sodium containing beverage or meal before exercise speeds up the recovery of plasma volume and also increase water retention within the body by decreasing urinary output. The article also cites previous research studies in which consumption of electrolyte containing beverages, especially those rich in sodium, both before and after exercising have improved body fluid balance and also aided in preventing excessive water loss through urine. However previous studies had not related water intake with the consumption of sodium-rich beverages. The present study proposed to determine that fluid balance could be maintained by increasing the ad libitum water intake and reducing water loss through urine upon consumption of sodium-rich beverages and meals before exercise. It hypothesized that consumption of chicken noodle soup 45 minutes before exercise would improve fluid balance by increasing water intake and reducing urine output while no considerable improvement was expected after consumption of water alone and carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages. The authors also expected the responses in both men and women to be similar. The population sampling and methods to be used have not been elaborated in the introduction.

Apple Competitive Strategy

Apple Competitive Strategy Apples practices, procedures and policies reflect the differentiation strategy to target the wide range of customers as the overall competitive strategy of the company. The company serves a wide range of differentiated product to the customers ranging from the classy power user to the new first time users. The differentiation is based on unique design, reliable quality and customer services driven by high customer values. The innovation strategy allows the improvements in new product development and development in the existing products. The differentiation strategy provides such innovative products to a wider range of customers. Through the integration of these strategies the company aims to meet the demand evolving in the market. The implementation of unique designing and development of operating system and software has been a source of strong competitive advantage. The company has diversified its market to digital electronics and computer market in addition to personal media player industry as the target market which proves that the strategies of the company are still at evolving stage due to new diversified market. Apples has also entered to the tablet industry through the products such as iPad and mobile industry through the products such as iPhone (Masi, 2009). Question 2: What are the key elements of Apples strategy in computers, personal media players, and Smartphone? Have its strategies in its core businesses yielded success? Explain. Answer: The business strategy of Apple aims to design and develop its own OS, hardware, software applications and services uniquely which facilitates the customers with the innovative and new product solutions having unique features such as easy usage, flawless additions, and innovative designs. The companys strategy of continual improvement and research and development leads to the development of new innovative product which enhances the market position of the company. With the integration of the strategy, the company consistently builds and hosts the dynamic platform for identifying and releasing the third party digital content and its application through various stores of iTunes. This store comprises of the Apps store and iBookstore which helps the users to use and access the third party applications either in MAC or through iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch. The company strategy also includes the expansion of distribution channels so as to enhance its wide customers reach, high quality service s and after sales services to the customers. The company has also uniquely positioned itself as a superior and highly incorporated digital lifestyle and productivity solution provider (APPLE INC FORM 10-K (Annual Report), 2011). Question 3: What does a competitive strength assessment reveal about Apples computer business, as compared to the leaders in the personal computer industry? Use the methodology in Table 4.2 to support your answer. Does it appear that the companys competitive positions in personal media players and Smartphone or stronger or weaker than its position in computers? Answer: Competitive strength assessment of the company reveals following factors as the strength of the company: Highly Differentiated Business Strategy: The company provides highly differentiated product to its wide range of customer in highly diversified market including personal computer, Tablets, mobile, portable media player industry. It also provides highly innovative and new product integrating with its own hardware, software and designs to solve the problems of the customers and meet their demands (Danesi, 2011). Diversified Product Offering: Apple provides its various products in multiple market segments i.e. MP3 players market, PC market, Tablet Market, and other wireless communications market within the digital and consumer electronic industry. Apple is considered as the true innovator in the consumer electronic industry and this has exposed the existing products to gigantic market opportunities (Danesi, 2011). Other strengths: Other strengths of the company as per the advisors and critics are as follows: Apple Hardware Design. Apple Marketing. Leadership. Competitive Advantage (Apples Competitive Advantage, 2004). The market analysis suggest that the Apple stands at 3rd position in the PC market with the market share of 10.6 % while in the mobile market, it stands at second position with 24.2 % of market share. The company holds the share of 78 % in the overall media player market. This reveals that the market share of the company in this industry is much stronger than the personal computer industry (Slivka, 2012) (Keene, 2012) (Macale, 2011) Question 4: Does it make good strategic sense for Apple to be a competitor in the computer, personal media player, Smartphone, and tablet computer industries? Are the value chain activities that Apple performs in computers, personal media players, tablet computers and Smartphone very similar and compatible or are there very important differences from product to product? Which of the four products linescomputers, tablet computers, personal media players, or Smartphonedo you think is most important to Apples future growth and profitability? Why? Answer: The value chain of the Apple Inc suggest that the company is efficiently handling the chain of activities in innovative and design leading to management of all the activities and operations which provides it a great competitive advantage. The procedure at Apple Inc is moved in following manner: As per the market growth and stock report, the iPhone generates 42.1 % of the total revenue for the company while iPad generates 21.8% of the total revenue. Mac Contribution to the total revenue is 18.9 % while iPod contributes for the generation of 7.3% of the revenue and other peripheral services contributes 9.8 % of the revenue. From this data, it is clear that the Smartphone market and revenue share is the highest contributing segment for the company. However equal emphasize should be given to all the other segments also in order to achieve the total competitive advantage (Danesi, 2011). Question 5: What is your assessment of Apple Computers financial performance the past three years? Answer: The above graph depicts that the profitability of the company increases form 25 % to 40 % consecutively from 2006 to 2009. The graph also depicts that the revenue of the company have been increased from 10 billion to 17 billion in due course of time which depicts that the company is continuously growing with the total competitive advantage of the global international market. The ratio analysis suggests that: The current ratio of the company is continuously increasing showing the increase of current assets and decrease in current liabilities with some downturn in the year of 2009. Debt equity ratio remains the same with small fluctuations which shows that the company is balancing effectively between the current liabilities and the shareholders wealth. Efficiency ratio and debtor turnover ratio is continuously increasing with a certain down turn in the year of 2009 which shows that credit sales are going down and cash sales are increasing (Apple Inc). Question 6: What recommendations would you make to allow Apple to strengthen its position in its most important markets? What steps should it take to ensure that the iPad becomes a success in the marketplace and a major contributor to the companys overall performance? Answer: Following recommendations are being recommended for the company in order to strengthen its position in the market: The Ultimate Convergence Device. Modern Medical Device Platform. Environmental and social efforts in partnership. Dual Band GSM/ CDMA iPhone Worldwide. Collaborative Recycling benefits. Capturing Convergence Device Market. iTune Stores eBook Distribution. Implementing First party quality check in OEM Factories. Productive use of unused cash. Continues implementation of expansion strategy. Differentiated Lifestyle Branding. Following strategies are recommended for iPad: Flash player should be added as one of its feature. It should also be comprised of USB and camera. It should be compatible with the iPhone applications. Develop a separate marketing strategy for iPad.

Initiative Essay -- Education Educational Papers

Initiative The aftermath of Proposition 227, formally titled the English Language for Immigrant Children Initiative, is as varied as the bilingual teaching methods it replaces. The issue of how to educate limited English proficient (or LEP) children has become so politicized that the research on the subject is difficult to interpret. However, two aspects that appear to be problematic for all of California’s school districts are the vague language of the initiative (which is now law), and the lack of methodology for the new "sheltered immersion" programs. The resulting confusion has created a bilingual education system more fragmented than ever. According to the state Department of Education, approximately 1.4 of the 5.5 million school children in the United States are classified as LEP. Of those 1.4 million children, eighty percent are Spanish speaking and the remainder identify fifty-three other languages as their primary language (Prop #227 1). Prior to the passage of proposition 227, 70 percent of California’s LEP students received instruction primarily in English, including 31 percent who received specialized instruction in English only, 22 percent received specialized instruction in English with some primary language support, and 17 percent receive no specialized services: The remaining 30 percent were in traditional bilingual classrooms and received a great deal of instruction in their primary languages (Prop #227 1). It is clear from the variety of services that had been offered (or not) that "bilingual education" varied greatly in the amount of primary language support that was used. It was also only used to teach approximately 50 percent of the LED student population. The amount of primary language support is t... ...ll Kemper. "Sheltered Immersion: Contrasts and Controversy". 1-4. Online. Internet. November 14,1998. Available http://coe.sdsu.edu/people/jmora/pages/seivcanadian.html. "Proposition #227: English Language in Public Schools". 1-9. Online. internet. November 15,1998. Available http://www.sen.cagov/ftp/sen/sor/_home/educate/prop227.htm. Puente, Maria, Carol Morello. "Bilingual Battle Still Rages In Classroom". USA Today. November 13,1998: News; 4A. Online. Internet. November 15,1998. Available http://web.lexis- nexis.com/universe/doc...23&md5=84077f81fr06bb22396cd3alf8be5ed8. Ramirez, Jaime. Telephone interview. December 1,1998. Terry, Don. "Bilingual Education Lives After All". New York Times. October 3, 1998: Section A; 7. Online. Internet. November 7,1998. Available http://web.lexis- nexis.com/universe/doc...ae&_md5=11a5d46e28d2958c8088df8df8267172c64.

Publix Supermarket History Essay

Publix Supermarkets, Inc. is the largest employee supermarket chain and fastest growing company in the United States. It was founded in 1930 by George W. Jenkins and opened the first Publix store in Winter Haven Florida is a employee- owned privately held corporation. Publix is has over more than 1,061 supermarket stores, eight grocery distribution centers, twelve brand manufacturing facilities, and 820 Publix Pharmacies. The manufacturing facilities produce its dairy, deli, bakery, and other food products. Our stores are located in Florida- 752, Alabama-51, Georgia- 180, South Carolina- 45, and Tennessee- 33. Publix built its first distribution in Lakeland, Florida and moved its headquarters there from Winter Haven in 1951. At that same time, the All American were closed and replaced with Publix Supermarkets. The donut shops in each store expanded their bakery into full- service in 1957. Each Publix store provides specific services and products in its grocery, produce, deli, floral, bakery, seafood, and meat departments; some of the stores contain sushi bars, cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s liquor store and pharmacy department. Publix created and introduced Greenwise Markets to increase awareness of nutrition providing organic and natural items. Publix mission statement is â€Å"Our Mission at Publix is to be the premier quality food retailer in the world. To that end we commit to be: Passionately focused on Customer Value, Intolerant of Waste, Dedicated to the Dignity, Value and Employment Security of our Associates, Devoted to the highest standards of stewardship for our Stockholders, and Involved as Responsible Citizens in our Communities. Publix’s slogan is â€Å"Where Shopping is a Pleasure†. We have more than 153,000 associates employed with Publix Supermarkets, Inc. A variety of services are offered by Publix. Services such as presto atms, gift card center, floral, special item request, online easy ordering, apron recipes and event planning, prescription refills, and Publix merchandise. They also have several fascinating clubs and programs; wine guide, baby club, preschool pals, family style magazine, Publix paws and upromise program. Publix states the nine reasons why you’ll feel great about working at Publix good, friends, benefits, ownership, stability, career growth, helping others, community spirit, diversity and planet earth. There are several services offered by the pharmacist to help manage your health. They offer a diabetes management system, free prescriptions on selected medications, flu and immunizations, health screenings, Medical I.D., prescription transfer, Flavorx, insurance plans, health center and generic drugs. The main competitors in the national grocery chain are Kroger, Whole Foods, IGA, and Supervalu; several regional grocery chains including BI-LO, Winn-Dixie, Ingles, Fresh Market, Sweetbay, Piggy Wiggly consolidated with warehouse and retail chains including Wal-mart, Costco, Kmart, Target, BJ’s Wholesale and Sam’s Club. Publix for 15th consecutive years has been named as one of the Fortune 100 Best Companies to work. It has never had any layoffs even though some stores have closed and new ones have opened. Each year, the company issues shares of its stock to eligible full- and part-time employees, and cash dividends earned on these shares are paid directly to employees. Publix is a highly established and successful supermarket with friendly service and an immense array of products. They offer â€Å"buy- one- get- one- free† deals which vary from week to week on several products within the store. Publix Supermarkets budget along with other facts are made available to the public. SEC documents contains several of Publix annual, quarterly, proxy, current and other reports where you can retrieve the specific report. Even through the terrible economic hardships we have had worldwide Publix has managed to make a good profit, offer promotions, still open new stores, and never layoff any employees. References http://www.publixstockholder.com/servlet/ProxyServlet?path=/stockholder/Document.do&seq=1&SECDocumentId=7958&curPage=1&selectedDocumentType=-99&selectedYear=-99 http://www.publix.com/careers/Home.do

Journey To Pakistan

Journey To Pakistan December 14th, 2007, the long awaited day arrived; we were all set to load our luggage and set off for the JFK airport. Our seats were booked on Emirates Airlines, flight number 606 on a Boeing 777-300 which was a huge bellied aircraft gobbling up almost500 passengers, which is a Middle Eastern airline. The crew was a mix of Arabic and English speaking people. The flight took off on time, and we were jetting in the sky towards our destination, Pakistan, which is my parents home country.We had been told by umpteen people and the press that our holiday would be dangerous, as there were political problems in every city of Pakistan. That made it all the more exciting and adventuresome to be to be taking up the challenge. Our flight was scheduled to fly Via Dubai. After an overnight journey of eighteen hours, we landed at the hub of the Emirates Airlines.grandparentsThe air- port lounges wore a festive look for tourists from all over the world. A Christmas bazaar scene presented itself to us as we strolled through to kill time, as it was to be a two hour wait before boarding for the last leg of our journey. Our excitement grew as we picked up a few things, as presents for our grandparents, who had been expecting to see us after a long wait of a year and a half.December 15th, 2007 we landed on a clear sunny day at 1:00 P.M. at the Quaide Azam International Airport, Karachi, named after the founder of the nation. It‚s a newly built state-of-the-art structure, with four satellite stations with chutes, quite unlike its surrounding buildings. We were whisked through customs, but it took an agonizing two hours for the conveyer belts to cough up our baggage.

Applications of Titration Essays - Bases, Sodium Compounds

Applications of Titration Essays - Bases, Sodium Compounds Applications of Titration November 27, 2015 December 2, 2015 S. Raphael Introduction: The laboratory method used in this experiment is titration. Titration can be traced back to the start of volumetric analysis, in the late eighteenth century. The study of analytical chemistry began in France (Bandos, 2015). The first burette was made by Francois Antoine Henri Descroizilles, a French chemist and pharmacist (Rosenfeld, 1999). The field began to spread to other European countries. The first text that mentioned titration was published in 1855 in Germany. It was titled Lehrbuch der chemisch-analytischen Titrirmethode (Instructional Book of Titration Methods in Analytical Chemistry). Karl Freiderich Mohr, the author of the book, is also responsible for advancing the burette from an inefficient graduated cylinder-type instrument to a tool with a clamp at the bottom that is still used today (Bandos, 2015). Titration is a laboratory technique that is used to determine the concentration of solution by reacting the known volume of that solution with the measured volume of a sol ution with a known concentration (Haberer et al., 2011). To determine concentration, the equation for concentration in relation to moles and volume is used. C=n/V C= concentration in mol/l n= moles in mol V= volume in L (Ms. Raphael, SCH 3U1, November 29, 2015). Molarity (M) or molar concentration is the unit used for expressing the concentration of solutions. It is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution (Chemteam.info, 2015). To be categorized as an acid according to Arrhenius Theory, the solution must be able to form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. To be categorized as a base according to Arrhenius Theory, the solution must be able to form hydroxide ions when dissolved in water (France, 2015). To be categorized as an acid according to Bronsted-Lowry Theory, the solution must be able to donate a proton, a hydrogen ion, to a base. To be categorized as a base according to Bronsted-Lowry Theory, the solution must be able to receive a proton, a hydrogen ion, from an acid (Williams, 2015). In both theories the acid must be an aqueous solution, be able to neutralize a base, and have a pH of less than 7. As well as a base must be an aqueous solution, be able to neutralize a base, and have a pH of greater than 7 (Chemtutor.com, 2015). In a titration, one reagent, the titrant, is slowly added to another, the titrate. In titration, the titrant is the solution with the known concentration, the titrate is the solution with the unknown concentration (Dartmouth.edu, 2015). In the experiment the titrant, sodium hydroxide, was diluted with distilled water to create a 0.5mol/L NaOH solution. The amount of distilled water need to dilute the base was calculated using the formula for dilution, which was rearranged. C1V1=C2V2, rearranged to solve for V1, V1= C2V2/ C1 C1=original concentration of solution C2=final concentration of the solution V1=original volume of the solution V2=final volume of the solution (Ms. Raphael, SCH 3U1, November 29, 2015). As the reagents are added to one another, using a burette, a chemical stoichiometric reaction occurs until the limiting reagent is exhausted. An indicator is used to distinguish when this happens. A burette is a clear tube with volume markings along its length and a tap at the bottom. The indicator changes colour when the end-point has been reached, which is at the point of neutralization (Richards Fromm, 2015). In the experiment phenolphthalein was used as an indicator. Phenolphthalein is a commonly used indicator in titrations. It is an acid-base indicator which is colourless when in acid solution, and turns pink to red as the solution becomes more basic (Pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, 2015). To determine the pH of the solution, the equation to solve for pH was used. pH=-log[H3O+] pH= acidity or alkalinity of solution [H3O+]= concentration of solution (Ms. Raphael, SCH 3U1, November 29, 2015). The purpose of titration is to find the point at which the moles of the standard solution is equal to the moles of the unknown solution, this is known as the equivalence point (Clark, 2015). The mole is an SI unit, Systme International d'Units, which measures the number of particles in a given substance. One mole is equal to 6.02 x 1023 atoms, or other appropriate units

Leadership and management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leadership and management - Essay Example In the 1940s and 1950s, many companies operated with very rigid, top-down hierarchies and business leaders at this time were rather annoyed at the concept of giving workers autonomy and decision-making power (Buchanan 2009). Today, however, decentralised business practices focus more on leadership as a primary trait to build followership, which include inspiring employees, building a communal vision and mission, and motivating others using a variety of psycho-social techniques. This is a major break from the traditional role of management, which is defined as planning roles and operations, organising employees and establishing appropriate evaluation methodologies and controls to ensure compliance and productivity (Nickels, McHugh and McHugh 2005). Thus, did Drucker get it right? It would seem so considering that his early conceptions of participative work environments have now become respected models within a variety of domestic and international businesses. However, Drucker’s assessment focuses on the management function, which differs significantly from theories of leadership that are more humanistic in nature, negating the importance of traditional managerial function to gain employee dedication and commitment to achieve organisational goals. This essay makes relevant comparisons to different models of leadership and management in order to understand whether Drucker’s viewpoint is accurate or whether this belief holds little relevance to the contemporary business organisation. The project identifies a real world industry example, along with a personal evaluation of the necessity to maintain strengths in leadership, in order to identify a definitive model of modern business practice that would be most pertinen t in dynamic and ever-changing business environments. Did Drucker actually get it right? In order to address this effectively, one must understand the differences between management and leadership and how they are applied in the contemporary organisation to improve productivity and engage employees to complete tasks according to strategic expectations. Leadership versus management One should consider the management practices in the technology industry, one that is dynamic and where change is constantly present in order to produce innovations that meet time-to-market expectations. Google, a leader in this industry, promotes a highly decentralised business model that provides workers with unique working conditions, including ping pong tables to facilitate collaboration, flexible working hours, and where team-working is a primary goal with minimal managerial supervision (Weber 2007). Google’s team philosophy and this decentralised business model continue to bring the company sig nificant competitive advantages by achieving faster launches of innovative products and services in an environment with very limited managerial presence. Respected models of psychology and sociology strongly iterate that establishment of social belonging in the organisation is a fundamental motivator leading to performance (Maslow 1998; Morris and Maisto 2005). This model defies traditional controlling management practices, instead taking a transformational approach which inspires shared decision-making,

Draw their Veils over Their Bosoms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Draw their Veils over Their Bosoms - Essay Example Though Muslim women are not this secluded in the modern life, they have to seclude themselves from head to toe. This document shows the religious beliefs of Islamic people. Though there is nowhere in the Quran where it is indicated that women should be secluded from head to toe, women are expected to do so. This shows in a way that women are discriminated against and there are activities that men undertake but women are not expected to follow suit. However, it also shows that Islamic people value their religion. They had to follow in the footsteps of Prophet Muhammad. The article has had an impact on the lives of Muslim women today. It is quite difficult to find an Islamic women walking around exposing themselves (Duiker & Spielvogel, 2009). There are instances where these Muslim women wear veils that only leave a space for their eyes especially. This mostly happens to the not yet married ones. Moreover, Islamic women do not interact with the male gender unless in it is very important. They are only allowed to interact freely with their

Wrong news Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wrong news - Essay Example t are delivered the people’s doorsteps every day; others become familiar, trustworthy faces that are broadcast on television for millions of viewers. By creating information, however, journalists of all types can actually become a source of false news. Those who write newspaper articles are often subject to strict deadlines, and sometimes they may feel unable to gather all of the correct information on time, so they fill in some of the small details on their own. Their boss may also expect them to write about something that will grab the attention of many readers, and this sort of news it not always easy to come by – so they decide a little white lie won’t hurt anyone. They may be journalists, but they are still human; and like you and me, they care about keeping their jobs. Those who write news scripts for the television, on the other hand, face a different kind of pressure. In order to keep ratings up, they must present news that people will want to watch. And if it’s going to help the show’s popularity, why not add their own clever twist to the story? It might only be a small percent of journalists who would actually make fake news at the expense of the public, but there are other ways the news can be inaccurate. While certainly not all journalists are as untrustworthy as those in the aforementioned scenario, it should be pointed out that sometimes the sources they gather their information from are wrong. Many journalists and reporters rely on the information that is shared with them by ordinary, average people. Some of these average people may skew the story to protect themselves of someone they know. Or some of these people may add their own opinions to the story, thus altering the story that the journalist interprets and relays to everyone else. Then again, there may even be some people who just like create problems for other people, so they just lied to the journalist for the sake of lying. Whatever the case is, it is important to

Federalism in America and India Essay Example for Free

Federalism in America and India Essay Thereby both countries had attained dominion status in which a number of smaller states had got affiliated forming a union with a strong central government that came to be called as Federal Government in the US and Central Government in India. Thus both states became Federal Republics. While framing the Indian constitution, its drafting committee headed by Dr. Ambedkar, had borrowed many salient features from various constitutions in the world including US but adopted them in the Indian context. Hence, both U. S and India, despite being federal in structure have many similarities and differences between them. Similarities between US and India:- 1) Written constitution:- Both US and India have a written constitution based on which the federal political structure has been set up and both federal governments are functioning. Both constitutions have provisions for amending the constitution to meet the growing socio, political and economic needs and demands of their respective countries. 2) Bill of Rights and Fundamental Rights:- The US constitution has ensured the fundamental rights of its citizens like right to equality, freedom, right against exploitation, freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, right to property, and right to constitutional remedies etc through ‘The Bill of Rights’,. They became part and parcel of the US constitution through first ten amendments that were carried out and adopted into the US constitution. The Indian constitution has guaranteed the fundamental rights of the people through articles 14 to 34 in Part III. ) Supremacy of the Federal or Union Government:- Both countries have federal governments at the centre in which various states have acceeded to. In the US as many as 50 states have joined the federal government and in the Indian Union as many as 29 states and 8 Union territories have acceeded to. Both in US and India, states which have acceeded to the Federal set up have no unilateral power to secede from the Federal Government or the Union Governme nt. While Federal Government or the Union Government as well as the states are empowered to enact laws on a particular subject,(known as concurrent powers),the law enacted by the Federal or Union Government will have overriding effect over the law enacted by the states on the same subject. Thus Federal or Union Government is supreme in the present federal structure. 4) Division of Labor and Separation of Powers:- Adhering to Montesquieus theory of division of labor and separation of powers, both US and Indian constitutions have three basic divisions with regard to division of labor and power in their federal set up known as executive, legislature and judiciary with clear cut ‘Separation of Powers’ Each division has been entrusted with a separate power. The executive governs the country, the legislature enacts laws and the judiciary administers justice. President of US is the chief executive head of US, whereas the Union cabinet headed by the Prime Minister is the real chief executive body in India. Both US and India have a bicameral legislature. US legislature has an upper and lower house known as the House of Senate and the House of Representatives respectively and the Indian Parliament has Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha as its Lower and Upper house respectively. Both US and India have a well organized judiciary, having the Supreme Court or the Federal Court as the apex court and a number of other courts in various states to administer original and appellate jurisdictions. 5)Powers of Checks and Balances:- Though there exists a clear cut division of labor known as separation of powers into executive, legislature and judiciary in both countries, still there is a threat. to democracy. A strong and dynamic leadership at the helm of powers as the executive and acting with unlimited powers may lead to arbitrariness. After all power corrupts power; absolute power corrupts absolutely; in the result democracy may become a laughing stock and virtually unworkable. Hence, in order to prevent unwieldy growth of any one of these three divisions, a fantastic mechanism known as powers of ‘checks and balances’ has been maintained in both countries. In other words, each division of power is somehow or other checked and controlled by other divisions of power. In the US, the President as the chief executive power appoints his members of ‘Kitchen Cabinet’ and he is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of Army,Navy and the Air Force. He appoints the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the US. He enters into treaties with other countries. However, his treaties must be approved by the House of Senate. Otherwise, the treaty will not come into force. Though President Woodrow Wilson was the chief architect of the League of Nations that came into being after the first world war,US could not become a member of it since the House of Senate did not approve it. Thus important policy decisions must be necessarily approved by the House of Senate, which definitely acts as a check on the powers of US President, who is the head of the executive. Similarly laws enacted by both houses may be subjected to the power of Judicial Review and can be declared null and void by the judiciary. The President can be impeached and removed from power on the motion moved by the House of Senate in the presence of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the US. Similarly in India, the Prime Minister and his cabinet can be removed from power by a successful no confidence motion passed by both houses of parliament. The important policy decisions taken by the cabinet headed by the Prime Minister, if necessary has to be enacted into laws only with the requisite majority of the parliament. The laws enacted by the parliament. re subject to the judicial review of the Supreme Cour of India. The Chief Justice and other Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President as recommended by the cabinet and the Prime Minister. Thus the powers of checks and balances have been the effective mechanism both in the US and in India in safeguarding the democracy in both countries. Differences between the federalisms of US and India:- The differences that exist between the federalisms of US and India are unique. These differences have been wantonly created by the architects of the Indian constitution. The US federalism is very strong and more rigid as envisaged in their constitution by its leaders. It is more federal than unitary. in character. Whereas, India is more unitary than federal and we can even say that it is a quasi-federal state. 1) The Constitution of US is very rigid than the Indian Constitution:- i)The constitution of US is very brief and rigid running into only a few pages, whereas the constitution of India is very voluminous containing as many as XXII parts, 395 articles and ten schedules. Since the US constitution is very rigid, the provisions meant for amending the constitution are also very rigid and more formal. The last amendment carried out in the US constitution was in the year 1992. Between the period 1989 and 1992, the US constitution has been amended only 27 times, in which the 21 st amendment was to reverse the 18 th amendment Whereas, the Indian constitution which came into force in the year 1950, has so far been amended 94 times. Therefore, it is easy to amend the Indian constitution, since it involves four different types of procedures which are comparatively easy than the amending procedure of the US constitution. For example, recently, the salaries and allowances of the Indian MPs have been hiked through a voice vote of the members of the Indian Parliament, whereas in the US, the 27 th amendment originally proposed on 25th September, 1789, was ratified on May 7 th, 1992, regulating the provision for varying the compensation of the members of the House of Senate and Representatives. i) In the US, though there is a Federal Constitution, all the states affiliated with the Federal Government,owing their allegiance to the Federal Constitution, have their own constitutions to regulate their own governance. In India, all the states affiliated with the Indian Union owe their allegiance only to the Indian constitution and do not have their own constitution; however, each state is empowered to enact its own laws inc luded in the state as well as in the concurrent list of the constitution. ) While US has the Presidential form of Government, India has the Parliamentary form of Government:- In the US, the President is the head of the state and so his government is invariably mentioned as the Presidential form of government or democracy; In India, the President is only a nominal head or titular sovereign power;( dejure sovereign),whereas the Prime Minister and his cabinet is the defacto or popular sovereign in whom the real power exists. In the US, the President is popularly elected ,besides chosen through an electoral college. However, nominating a candidate for ontesting the Presidential election by a political party in the US is a cumbersome process. This process is comparatively simpler than the Indian system of forming the cabinet and electing the Prime Minister from a party which enjoys a majority of elected members of the Lok Sabha. While the US follows the bi-party system, India has a multi -party system and a complicated process of election. While the US President holds power for a period of 4 years,while the Indian Prime Minister holds power for five years as long as his political party enjoys majority in the Lok Sabha. However, the US President irrespective of his affiliation with a political party, Republican or Democrat and irrespective of his party’s success or failure in the elections for the House of Representatives or the House of Senate, holds power for his full tenure. A person in the US can hold the post of President only for two terms, whereas, in India there is no such restriction to hold the post of a Prime Minister or President. For example, Nehru was the Prime Minister of India between 1947 and 1964 for a period of 17 years. The Indian cabinet and the Prime Minister are collectively and directly responsible and answerable to the parliament and indirectly to the people, whereas, the US President has constitutional obligations and duties and of course answerable to the people. For the dereliction of duty and blunder committed by a cabinet minister in India, the Prime Minister and his entire cabinet colleagues are liable,responsible and answerable, because they have collective responsibilities. 3) Differences between the legislatures of US and India:- In India, the lower house or the Lok Sabha is more powerful and its members are directly elected by the people and the members of the Upper house or Rajya Sabha are indirectly elected every two years. The Lok Sabha members represent their constituencies on the basis of their population strength; In the US, the House of Representatives are elected on the basis of the population strength of a state, but irrespective of the size of the state or its population, each state in the US has only two senate members, totaling 100 members in all in the US. While the Lok Sabha or the lower house is more powerful in India, the House of Senate or the upper house is more powerful in the US. While a Senate member in the US is directly elected, a Rajya Sabha member in India is indirectly elected by a system of proportional and transferable voting system. 4) Differences in the judicial system between US and India:- While the US has an advanced judicial system, India has a rapidly developing judicial system. An accused or a witness in the US can depose from the place where he is imprisoned, thereby avoiding unnecessary travel all the way from Chicago or Los Angels to New York using the advanced technology. Such facilities are yet to develop in India. While a Judge in the US can hold his post for life as long as he enjoys his good health, in India it is slightly different. A District judge unless elevated retires at the age of 58, a High Court and a Supreme court Judge retires at the age of 65. Thus both the US and the Indian Federalism despite having limitations are by and large successful.