How To Win Friends Essays - How To Win Friends And Influence People

How To Win Friends Dale Carnegie's book How to Win Friends and Influence People gives methods of instruction and examples as to how to triumph in the social world. It includes chapters on how to handle people, how to make people like you, how to win people to your way of thinking, and how to be a leader. The book begins with a preface of suggestions on how to get the most of the book. These include reviewing it periodically and taking the suggestions with an open mind and sincerity. The first chapter exposes the reader to the technique of how to handle people successfully. It emphasizes that in order to understand people one must regard the situation from their point of view. Most people have reasons for deciding what they do. Those who commit crimes and rob stores do not view themselves as bad people. Gangsters such as Al Capone regarded themselves as unappreciated and unrecognized public benefactors, not as enemies of the state. People do not condemn themselves, so why should one condemn others? Lesson one explains to the reader that one should never criticize, complain, or condemn other people. Principle two suggests that you give people your sincere and honest appreciation. A person should not think of his accomplishments or successes, yet compliment others on theirs. The most important thing one can give another is his genuine appreciation. "I consider my ability to arouse enthusiasm among people the greatest asset I possess, and the way to develop the best that is in a person is by appreciation and encouragement." ?Charles Schwab You can threaten people by force or harsh words, but the only way to get others to do what you wish is to give them what they want. What do they want? Appreciation. Principle three in the fundamental techniques of handling people deals with how to arouse in the other person an eager want. It is easy to tell people your needs, but no one wants to hear them. People are only interested in their wants and needs. So, why not try to get what you want by inferring how it would benefit the other persons involved? A good example of this is fishing. When one goes fishing, he does not think about what he wants. He thinks about what the fish wants. One does not bait the hook with Twinkies and candy, he baits it with worms and asks, "Wouldn't you like to have that?" Again, look at the situation from the other's perspective. Part two of the book discusses ways to get people to like you. The first guideline is to become genuinely interested in people. People will like you if they feel you admire them. One must instill in them a sense of fondness. "Did you ever stop to think that a dog is the only animal that doesn't have to work for a living? A hen has to lay eggs, a cow has to give milk, and a canary has to sing. But a dog makes his living by giving you nothing but love." ?Dale Carnegie This is the reason the dog is man's best friend. Dogs do not criticize or complain and always greet you with animation and enthusiasm. Another point is that people are not interested in you. Do not speak of your accomplishments and your success. They are only interested in themselves. Get them to talk about themselves and their achievements. Compliment them on their accomplishments and show them how you feel by your genuine interest. "You can make more friends in two months by becoming interested in other people than you can in two years by trying to get other people interested in you." ?Dale Carnegie Ideal number two deals with the power of a smile. Actions speak louder than words and a smile says, "I like you. You make me happy. I am glad to see you." One of the most important elements in getting people to like you is recognition of their uniqueness. One can do this using a person's name. A person's name is to that person the sweetest and most important sound in any language. Remember a person's name, and you have paid a subtle and very effective compliment. The name sets the individual apart; it makes him or her unique among all others. Principle four requires one to have the ability to listen. Listening well to others indicates your interest. Remember that the people you talk to care only about themselves one-hundred percent of the time. Your problems are

The Chemical Reaction That Causes Rust

The Chemical Reaction That Causes Rust Rust is the common name for iron oxide. The most familiar form of rust is the reddish coating that forms flakes on iron and steel (Fe2O3), but rust also comes in other colors, including yellow, brown, orange, and even green! The different colors reflect various chemical compositions of rust. Rust specifically refers to oxides on iron or iron alloys, such as steel. Oxidation of other metals has other names. There is tarnish on silver and verdigris on copper, for example. The Chemical Reaction That Forms Rust Although rust is considered the result of an oxidation reaction, its worth noting not all iron oxides are rust. Rust forms when oxygen reacts with iron  but simply putting iron and oxygen together isnt sufficient. Although about 20 percent  of air consists of oxygen, rusting doesnt occur in dry air. It occurs in moist air and in water. Rust requires three chemicals to form: iron, oxygen, and water. iron water oxygen  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  hydrated iron(III) oxide This is an example of an electrochemical reaction and corrosion. Two distinct electrochemical reactions occur: There is anodic dissolution or oxidation of iron going into aqueous (water) solution: 2Fe  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  2Fe2  Ã‚  Ã‚  4e- Cathodic reduction of oxygen that is dissolved into water also occurs: O2  Ã‚   2H2O 4e-  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  4OH-  Ã‚   The iron ion and the hydroxide ion react to form iron hydroxide:   2Fe2   4OH-  Ã‚  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  2Fe(OH)2 The iron oxide reacts with oxygen to yield red rust, Fe2O3.H2O Because of the electrochemical nature of the reaction, dissolved electrolytes in water aid the reaction. Rust occurs more quickly in saltwater than in pure water, for example. Keep in mind oxygen gas, O2, is not the only source of oxygen in air or water. Carbon dioxide, CO2, also contains oxygen. Carbon dioxide and water react to form weak carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is a better electrolyte than pure water. As the acid attacks the iron, water breaks into hydrogen and oxygen. Free oxygen and dissolved iron form iron oxide, releasing electrons, which can flow to another part of the metal. Once rusting starts, it continues to corrode the metal. Preventing Rust Rust is brittle, fragile,  progressive, and weakens iron and steel. To protect iron and its alloys from rust, the surface needs to be separated from air and water. Coatings can be applied to iron. Stainless steel contains chromium, which forms an oxide, much like how iron forms rust. The difference is the chromium oxide does not flake away, so it forms a protective layer on the steel.

How to successfully replace an outter vehicle CV joint Coursework

How to successfully replace an outter vehicle CV joint - Coursework Example Remove the wheel by use of wrench. And using a spanner, remove the axle nut. This is a large nut on the outside of the hub. The removal of the lower control arm from the ball joint and the hub assembly will enable the removal of the bolt from the shock and upper control arm. The tapping will facilitate the slipping out of the CV joint through the back. The axle nut should be put back halfway during this process to avoid damaging of the threads. Put the CV axle in a vise by the shaft close to the inner CV or the U-Joint. Cut the boot clamps and make sure that your CV joint is not held by on by a clip that you can see on the shaft under the boot. If there is no clip, you will want to tap lightly on the outer CV joint and then give a few good hits to knock it off the shaft. The tools involved in this are 5 lb Sledge and hammer. Make sure you wear protective glasses since the grease may fly. If it does not come out, put the axle in a vise and try again. If this goes in vain, use the hammer and break the cage to remove the ball bearings. This will expose the race, and then press the race off the shaft using the punch hammer. Cut the race in the direction of the splines on the shaft so that it does not affect the new joint going into the splines (Gilles, 2004). Put on the new boot and slide it to the inner out of the way. Fill the CV joint with grease, and a little of it on the ‘C’ clip. Line the outer CV joint with the splines of the shaft and place the axle nut on the threads halfway to avoid damaging the threads. In conclusion, these processes should be observed keenly, to avoid damage to other parts of the vehicle especially during the removal of the wrecked CV joint. A step by step procedure with keen observation will lead to excellent replacement of the wrecked joint with a new

Labor relations-An Anti nepotism Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Labor relations-An Anti nepotism Policy - Essay Example Management is the most sensitive area in regard to nepotism. Budd (2010) argues that managers should strike a balance by not supervising their relatives, employing them in the same department or try to use their influence to employ them so as to have great output. Anti- nepotism policy favors unions in protecting their members. They ensure that all their members are given equal opportunity in job application. Finlay (2011) supports this part of the policy as a motivation tool. The policy also ensures fairness in work as it prohibits workers to be supervised by close relatives. Workers are also protected from loss of job if companies enforce anti- nepotism policies but were employed before they are implemented. Management is also favored by the anti- nepotism policies. The policy does not prohibit your relatives from working in the same company as long are not working in the same department and they were employed on merit. Managements are allowed to make independent policies as long as they are in good faith as argued by Rose (2008). Family businesses are exempted from these policies if members of the family volunteer services. Unions have a right to ask the adaptation of anti- nepotism policies by any organization their members are working. Lawrence (2005) argued, in order to reduce some of white collar crimes organization should not employ close relatives or supervise them. Managements are bound to follow anti- nepotism policies. They are obligated to create anti- nepotism rules that are favorable. In order to avoid conflict between unions and management, the management should include the union and legal experts when drafting their anti- nepotism policy. Budd (2004) proposed that the management should also clearly define the term relative in the policy to balance equality. Since anti- nepotism policies are different in each state, entrepreneurs should consider the implication of marriage as it is regarded as

The Effect of Ingestion of Beverages or Meal That Contains Research Paper

The Effect of Ingestion of Beverages or Meal That Contains Electrolytes Prior to Exercise - Research Paper Example Commercially available carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage and chicken noodle soup were used in the study. The purpose of the article is well defined and the study population includes both men and women as the participant’s hence eliminating gender bias and the response of both men and women towards intake of electrolytes prior to exercise would be determined. The introduction explains the importance of pre-exercise hydration status and states that this aspect is mostly neglected in the guidelines set by the American College of Sports Medicine. The authors believe that body fluid balance will greatly aid in the performance and endurance levels. It further states that research carried out using consumption of water alone has not yielded any beneficial result and it only increased urine output during exercise. The authors of the present study have ascertained, after conducting laboratory investigation, that intake of high sodium containing beverage or meal before exercise speeds up the recovery of plasma volume and also increase water retention within the body by decreasing urinary output. The article also cites previous research studies in which consumption of electrolyte containing beverages, especially those rich in sodium, both before and after exercising have improved body fluid balance and also aided in preventing excessive water loss through urine. However previous studies had not related water intake with the consumption of sodium-rich beverages. The present study proposed to determine that fluid balance could be maintained by increasing the ad libitum water intake and reducing water loss through urine upon consumption of sodium-rich beverages and meals before exercise. It hypothesized that consumption of chicken noodle soup 45 minutes before exercise would improve fluid balance by increasing water intake and reducing urine output while no considerable improvement was expected after consumption of water alone and carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages. The authors also expected the responses in both men and women to be similar. The population sampling and methods to be used have not been elaborated in the introduction.

Apple Competitive Strategy

Apple Competitive Strategy Apples practices, procedures and policies reflect the differentiation strategy to target the wide range of customers as the overall competitive strategy of the company. The company serves a wide range of differentiated product to the customers ranging from the classy power user to the new first time users. The differentiation is based on unique design, reliable quality and customer services driven by high customer values. The innovation strategy allows the improvements in new product development and development in the existing products. The differentiation strategy provides such innovative products to a wider range of customers. Through the integration of these strategies the company aims to meet the demand evolving in the market. The implementation of unique designing and development of operating system and software has been a source of strong competitive advantage. The company has diversified its market to digital electronics and computer market in addition to personal media player industry as the target market which proves that the strategies of the company are still at evolving stage due to new diversified market. Apples has also entered to the tablet industry through the products such as iPad and mobile industry through the products such as iPhone (Masi, 2009). Question 2: What are the key elements of Apples strategy in computers, personal media players, and Smartphone? Have its strategies in its core businesses yielded success? Explain. Answer: The business strategy of Apple aims to design and develop its own OS, hardware, software applications and services uniquely which facilitates the customers with the innovative and new product solutions having unique features such as easy usage, flawless additions, and innovative designs. The companys strategy of continual improvement and research and development leads to the development of new innovative product which enhances the market position of the company. With the integration of the strategy, the company consistently builds and hosts the dynamic platform for identifying and releasing the third party digital content and its application through various stores of iTunes. This store comprises of the Apps store and iBookstore which helps the users to use and access the third party applications either in MAC or through iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch. The company strategy also includes the expansion of distribution channels so as to enhance its wide customers reach, high quality service s and after sales services to the customers. The company has also uniquely positioned itself as a superior and highly incorporated digital lifestyle and productivity solution provider (APPLE INC FORM 10-K (Annual Report), 2011). Question 3: What does a competitive strength assessment reveal about Apples computer business, as compared to the leaders in the personal computer industry? Use the methodology in Table 4.2 to support your answer. Does it appear that the companys competitive positions in personal media players and Smartphone or stronger or weaker than its position in computers? Answer: Competitive strength assessment of the company reveals following factors as the strength of the company: Highly Differentiated Business Strategy: The company provides highly differentiated product to its wide range of customer in highly diversified market including personal computer, Tablets, mobile, portable media player industry. It also provides highly innovative and new product integrating with its own hardware, software and designs to solve the problems of the customers and meet their demands (Danesi, 2011). Diversified Product Offering: Apple provides its various products in multiple market segments i.e. MP3 players market, PC market, Tablet Market, and other wireless communications market within the digital and consumer electronic industry. Apple is considered as the true innovator in the consumer electronic industry and this has exposed the existing products to gigantic market opportunities (Danesi, 2011). Other strengths: Other strengths of the company as per the advisors and critics are as follows: Apple Hardware Design. Apple Marketing. Leadership. Competitive Advantage (Apples Competitive Advantage, 2004). The market analysis suggest that the Apple stands at 3rd position in the PC market with the market share of 10.6 % while in the mobile market, it stands at second position with 24.2 % of market share. The company holds the share of 78 % in the overall media player market. This reveals that the market share of the company in this industry is much stronger than the personal computer industry (Slivka, 2012) (Keene, 2012) (Macale, 2011) Question 4: Does it make good strategic sense for Apple to be a competitor in the computer, personal media player, Smartphone, and tablet computer industries? Are the value chain activities that Apple performs in computers, personal media players, tablet computers and Smartphone very similar and compatible or are there very important differences from product to product? Which of the four products linescomputers, tablet computers, personal media players, or Smartphonedo you think is most important to Apples future growth and profitability? Why? Answer: The value chain of the Apple Inc suggest that the company is efficiently handling the chain of activities in innovative and design leading to management of all the activities and operations which provides it a great competitive advantage. The procedure at Apple Inc is moved in following manner: As per the market growth and stock report, the iPhone generates 42.1 % of the total revenue for the company while iPad generates 21.8% of the total revenue. Mac Contribution to the total revenue is 18.9 % while iPod contributes for the generation of 7.3% of the revenue and other peripheral services contributes 9.8 % of the revenue. From this data, it is clear that the Smartphone market and revenue share is the highest contributing segment for the company. However equal emphasize should be given to all the other segments also in order to achieve the total competitive advantage (Danesi, 2011). Question 5: What is your assessment of Apple Computers financial performance the past three years? Answer: The above graph depicts that the profitability of the company increases form 25 % to 40 % consecutively from 2006 to 2009. The graph also depicts that the revenue of the company have been increased from 10 billion to 17 billion in due course of time which depicts that the company is continuously growing with the total competitive advantage of the global international market. The ratio analysis suggests that: The current ratio of the company is continuously increasing showing the increase of current assets and decrease in current liabilities with some downturn in the year of 2009. Debt equity ratio remains the same with small fluctuations which shows that the company is balancing effectively between the current liabilities and the shareholders wealth. Efficiency ratio and debtor turnover ratio is continuously increasing with a certain down turn in the year of 2009 which shows that credit sales are going down and cash sales are increasing (Apple Inc). Question 6: What recommendations would you make to allow Apple to strengthen its position in its most important markets? What steps should it take to ensure that the iPad becomes a success in the marketplace and a major contributor to the companys overall performance? Answer: Following recommendations are being recommended for the company in order to strengthen its position in the market: The Ultimate Convergence Device. Modern Medical Device Platform. Environmental and social efforts in partnership. Dual Band GSM/ CDMA iPhone Worldwide. Collaborative Recycling benefits. Capturing Convergence Device Market. iTune Stores eBook Distribution. Implementing First party quality check in OEM Factories. Productive use of unused cash. Continues implementation of expansion strategy. Differentiated Lifestyle Branding. Following strategies are recommended for iPad: Flash player should be added as one of its feature. It should also be comprised of USB and camera. It should be compatible with the iPhone applications. Develop a separate marketing strategy for iPad.

Initiative Essay -- Education Educational Papers

Initiative The aftermath of Proposition 227, formally titled the English Language for Immigrant Children Initiative, is as varied as the bilingual teaching methods it replaces. The issue of how to educate limited English proficient (or LEP) children has become so politicized that the research on the subject is difficult to interpret. However, two aspects that appear to be problematic for all of California’s school districts are the vague language of the initiative (which is now law), and the lack of methodology for the new "sheltered immersion" programs. The resulting confusion has created a bilingual education system more fragmented than ever. According to the state Department of Education, approximately 1.4 of the 5.5 million school children in the United States are classified as LEP. Of those 1.4 million children, eighty percent are Spanish speaking and the remainder identify fifty-three other languages as their primary language (Prop #227 1). Prior to the passage of proposition 227, 70 percent of California’s LEP students received instruction primarily in English, including 31 percent who received specialized instruction in English only, 22 percent received specialized instruction in English with some primary language support, and 17 percent receive no specialized services: The remaining 30 percent were in traditional bilingual classrooms and received a great deal of instruction in their primary languages (Prop #227 1). It is clear from the variety of services that had been offered (or not) that "bilingual education" varied greatly in the amount of primary language support that was used. It was also only used to teach approximately 50 percent of the LED student population. The amount of primary language support is t... ...ll Kemper. "Sheltered Immersion: Contrasts and Controversy". 1-4. Online. Internet. November 14,1998. Available http://coe.sdsu.edu/people/jmora/pages/seivcanadian.html. "Proposition #227: English Language in Public Schools". 1-9. Online. internet. November 15,1998. Available http://www.sen.cagov/ftp/sen/sor/_home/educate/prop227.htm. Puente, Maria, Carol Morello. "Bilingual Battle Still Rages In Classroom". USA Today. November 13,1998: News; 4A. Online. Internet. November 15,1998. Available http://web.lexis- nexis.com/universe/doc...23&md5=84077f81fr06bb22396cd3alf8be5ed8. Ramirez, Jaime. Telephone interview. December 1,1998. Terry, Don. "Bilingual Education Lives After All". New York Times. October 3, 1998: Section A; 7. Online. Internet. November 7,1998. Available http://web.lexis- nexis.com/universe/doc...ae&_md5=11a5d46e28d2958c8088df8df8267172c64.

Publix Supermarket History Essay

Publix Supermarkets, Inc. is the largest employee supermarket chain and fastest growing company in the United States. It was founded in 1930 by George W. Jenkins and opened the first Publix store in Winter Haven Florida is a employee- owned privately held corporation. Publix is has over more than 1,061 supermarket stores, eight grocery distribution centers, twelve brand manufacturing facilities, and 820 Publix Pharmacies. The manufacturing facilities produce its dairy, deli, bakery, and other food products. Our stores are located in Florida- 752, Alabama-51, Georgia- 180, South Carolina- 45, and Tennessee- 33. Publix built its first distribution in Lakeland, Florida and moved its headquarters there from Winter Haven in 1951. At that same time, the All American were closed and replaced with Publix Supermarkets. The donut shops in each store expanded their bakery into full- service in 1957. Each Publix store provides specific services and products in its grocery, produce, deli, floral, bakery, seafood, and meat departments; some of the stores contain sushi bars, cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s liquor store and pharmacy department. Publix created and introduced Greenwise Markets to increase awareness of nutrition providing organic and natural items. Publix mission statement is â€Å"Our Mission at Publix is to be the premier quality food retailer in the world. To that end we commit to be: Passionately focused on Customer Value, Intolerant of Waste, Dedicated to the Dignity, Value and Employment Security of our Associates, Devoted to the highest standards of stewardship for our Stockholders, and Involved as Responsible Citizens in our Communities. Publix’s slogan is â€Å"Where Shopping is a Pleasure†. We have more than 153,000 associates employed with Publix Supermarkets, Inc. A variety of services are offered by Publix. Services such as presto atms, gift card center, floral, special item request, online easy ordering, apron recipes and event planning, prescription refills, and Publix merchandise. They also have several fascinating clubs and programs; wine guide, baby club, preschool pals, family style magazine, Publix paws and upromise program. Publix states the nine reasons why you’ll feel great about working at Publix good, friends, benefits, ownership, stability, career growth, helping others, community spirit, diversity and planet earth. There are several services offered by the pharmacist to help manage your health. They offer a diabetes management system, free prescriptions on selected medications, flu and immunizations, health screenings, Medical I.D., prescription transfer, Flavorx, insurance plans, health center and generic drugs. The main competitors in the national grocery chain are Kroger, Whole Foods, IGA, and Supervalu; several regional grocery chains including BI-LO, Winn-Dixie, Ingles, Fresh Market, Sweetbay, Piggy Wiggly consolidated with warehouse and retail chains including Wal-mart, Costco, Kmart, Target, BJ’s Wholesale and Sam’s Club. Publix for 15th consecutive years has been named as one of the Fortune 100 Best Companies to work. It has never had any layoffs even though some stores have closed and new ones have opened. Each year, the company issues shares of its stock to eligible full- and part-time employees, and cash dividends earned on these shares are paid directly to employees. Publix is a highly established and successful supermarket with friendly service and an immense array of products. They offer â€Å"buy- one- get- one- free† deals which vary from week to week on several products within the store. Publix Supermarkets budget along with other facts are made available to the public. SEC documents contains several of Publix annual, quarterly, proxy, current and other reports where you can retrieve the specific report. Even through the terrible economic hardships we have had worldwide Publix has managed to make a good profit, offer promotions, still open new stores, and never layoff any employees. References http://www.publixstockholder.com/servlet/ProxyServlet?path=/stockholder/Document.do&seq=1&SECDocumentId=7958&curPage=1&selectedDocumentType=-99&selectedYear=-99 http://www.publix.com/careers/Home.do

Journey To Pakistan

Journey To Pakistan December 14th, 2007, the long awaited day arrived; we were all set to load our luggage and set off for the JFK airport. Our seats were booked on Emirates Airlines, flight number 606 on a Boeing 777-300 which was a huge bellied aircraft gobbling up almost500 passengers, which is a Middle Eastern airline. The crew was a mix of Arabic and English speaking people. The flight took off on time, and we were jetting in the sky towards our destination, Pakistan, which is my parents home country.We had been told by umpteen people and the press that our holiday would be dangerous, as there were political problems in every city of Pakistan. That made it all the more exciting and adventuresome to be to be taking up the challenge. Our flight was scheduled to fly Via Dubai. After an overnight journey of eighteen hours, we landed at the hub of the Emirates Airlines.grandparentsThe air- port lounges wore a festive look for tourists from all over the world. A Christmas bazaar scene presented itself to us as we strolled through to kill time, as it was to be a two hour wait before boarding for the last leg of our journey. Our excitement grew as we picked up a few things, as presents for our grandparents, who had been expecting to see us after a long wait of a year and a half.December 15th, 2007 we landed on a clear sunny day at 1:00 P.M. at the Quaide Azam International Airport, Karachi, named after the founder of the nation. It‚s a newly built state-of-the-art structure, with four satellite stations with chutes, quite unlike its surrounding buildings. We were whisked through customs, but it took an agonizing two hours for the conveyer belts to cough up our baggage.

Applications of Titration Essays - Bases, Sodium Compounds

Applications of Titration Essays - Bases, Sodium Compounds Applications of Titration November 27, 2015 December 2, 2015 S. Raphael Introduction: The laboratory method used in this experiment is titration. Titration can be traced back to the start of volumetric analysis, in the late eighteenth century. The study of analytical chemistry began in France (Bandos, 2015). The first burette was made by Francois Antoine Henri Descroizilles, a French chemist and pharmacist (Rosenfeld, 1999). The field began to spread to other European countries. The first text that mentioned titration was published in 1855 in Germany. It was titled Lehrbuch der chemisch-analytischen Titrirmethode (Instructional Book of Titration Methods in Analytical Chemistry). Karl Freiderich Mohr, the author of the book, is also responsible for advancing the burette from an inefficient graduated cylinder-type instrument to a tool with a clamp at the bottom that is still used today (Bandos, 2015). Titration is a laboratory technique that is used to determine the concentration of solution by reacting the known volume of that solution with the measured volume of a sol ution with a known concentration (Haberer et al., 2011). To determine concentration, the equation for concentration in relation to moles and volume is used. C=n/V C= concentration in mol/l n= moles in mol V= volume in L (Ms. Raphael, SCH 3U1, November 29, 2015). Molarity (M) or molar concentration is the unit used for expressing the concentration of solutions. It is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution (Chemteam.info, 2015). To be categorized as an acid according to Arrhenius Theory, the solution must be able to form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. To be categorized as a base according to Arrhenius Theory, the solution must be able to form hydroxide ions when dissolved in water (France, 2015). To be categorized as an acid according to Bronsted-Lowry Theory, the solution must be able to donate a proton, a hydrogen ion, to a base. To be categorized as a base according to Bronsted-Lowry Theory, the solution must be able to receive a proton, a hydrogen ion, from an acid (Williams, 2015). In both theories the acid must be an aqueous solution, be able to neutralize a base, and have a pH of less than 7. As well as a base must be an aqueous solution, be able to neutralize a base, and have a pH of greater than 7 (Chemtutor.com, 2015). In a titration, one reagent, the titrant, is slowly added to another, the titrate. In titration, the titrant is the solution with the known concentration, the titrate is the solution with the unknown concentration (Dartmouth.edu, 2015). In the experiment the titrant, sodium hydroxide, was diluted with distilled water to create a 0.5mol/L NaOH solution. The amount of distilled water need to dilute the base was calculated using the formula for dilution, which was rearranged. C1V1=C2V2, rearranged to solve for V1, V1= C2V2/ C1 C1=original concentration of solution C2=final concentration of the solution V1=original volume of the solution V2=final volume of the solution (Ms. Raphael, SCH 3U1, November 29, 2015). As the reagents are added to one another, using a burette, a chemical stoichiometric reaction occurs until the limiting reagent is exhausted. An indicator is used to distinguish when this happens. A burette is a clear tube with volume markings along its length and a tap at the bottom. The indicator changes colour when the end-point has been reached, which is at the point of neutralization (Richards Fromm, 2015). In the experiment phenolphthalein was used as an indicator. Phenolphthalein is a commonly used indicator in titrations. It is an acid-base indicator which is colourless when in acid solution, and turns pink to red as the solution becomes more basic (Pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, 2015). To determine the pH of the solution, the equation to solve for pH was used. pH=-log[H3O+] pH= acidity or alkalinity of solution [H3O+]= concentration of solution (Ms. Raphael, SCH 3U1, November 29, 2015). The purpose of titration is to find the point at which the moles of the standard solution is equal to the moles of the unknown solution, this is known as the equivalence point (Clark, 2015). The mole is an SI unit, Systme International d'Units, which measures the number of particles in a given substance. One mole is equal to 6.02 x 1023 atoms, or other appropriate units

Leadership and management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Leadership and management - Essay Example In the 1940s and 1950s, many companies operated with very rigid, top-down hierarchies and business leaders at this time were rather annoyed at the concept of giving workers autonomy and decision-making power (Buchanan 2009). Today, however, decentralised business practices focus more on leadership as a primary trait to build followership, which include inspiring employees, building a communal vision and mission, and motivating others using a variety of psycho-social techniques. This is a major break from the traditional role of management, which is defined as planning roles and operations, organising employees and establishing appropriate evaluation methodologies and controls to ensure compliance and productivity (Nickels, McHugh and McHugh 2005). Thus, did Drucker get it right? It would seem so considering that his early conceptions of participative work environments have now become respected models within a variety of domestic and international businesses. However, Drucker’s assessment focuses on the management function, which differs significantly from theories of leadership that are more humanistic in nature, negating the importance of traditional managerial function to gain employee dedication and commitment to achieve organisational goals. This essay makes relevant comparisons to different models of leadership and management in order to understand whether Drucker’s viewpoint is accurate or whether this belief holds little relevance to the contemporary business organisation. The project identifies a real world industry example, along with a personal evaluation of the necessity to maintain strengths in leadership, in order to identify a definitive model of modern business practice that would be most pertinen t in dynamic and ever-changing business environments. Did Drucker actually get it right? In order to address this effectively, one must understand the differences between management and leadership and how they are applied in the contemporary organisation to improve productivity and engage employees to complete tasks according to strategic expectations. Leadership versus management One should consider the management practices in the technology industry, one that is dynamic and where change is constantly present in order to produce innovations that meet time-to-market expectations. Google, a leader in this industry, promotes a highly decentralised business model that provides workers with unique working conditions, including ping pong tables to facilitate collaboration, flexible working hours, and where team-working is a primary goal with minimal managerial supervision (Weber 2007). Google’s team philosophy and this decentralised business model continue to bring the company sig nificant competitive advantages by achieving faster launches of innovative products and services in an environment with very limited managerial presence. Respected models of psychology and sociology strongly iterate that establishment of social belonging in the organisation is a fundamental motivator leading to performance (Maslow 1998; Morris and Maisto 2005). This model defies traditional controlling management practices, instead taking a transformational approach which inspires shared decision-making,

Draw their Veils over Their Bosoms Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Draw their Veils over Their Bosoms - Essay Example Though Muslim women are not this secluded in the modern life, they have to seclude themselves from head to toe. This document shows the religious beliefs of Islamic people. Though there is nowhere in the Quran where it is indicated that women should be secluded from head to toe, women are expected to do so. This shows in a way that women are discriminated against and there are activities that men undertake but women are not expected to follow suit. However, it also shows that Islamic people value their religion. They had to follow in the footsteps of Prophet Muhammad. The article has had an impact on the lives of Muslim women today. It is quite difficult to find an Islamic women walking around exposing themselves (Duiker & Spielvogel, 2009). There are instances where these Muslim women wear veils that only leave a space for their eyes especially. This mostly happens to the not yet married ones. Moreover, Islamic women do not interact with the male gender unless in it is very important. They are only allowed to interact freely with their